94 lines
2.0 KiB
Markdown
94 lines
2.0 KiB
Markdown
# Dart语言入门
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## Dart语言介绍
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dart语言是由谷歌公司开发的网络编程语言,于2011年10月10日发布。可以通过官网进一步[了解Dart语言](https://www.dartlang.org/guides/language/language-tour)
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## Dart开发环境安装和配置
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操作系统:Windows、macOS、Linux
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下载地址:https://flutter.dev/docs/development/tools/sdk/releases?tab=macos
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* 以macOS为例:解压缩到目录/Users/(macuser)/Dev/flutter/
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* 配置:
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> vi ~/.bash_profile
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* 编辑:
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```bash
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# 导出dart
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export DART_HOME=/Users/(macuser)/Dev/flutter/flutter/bin/cache/dart-sdk
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# 导出flutter
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export FLUTTER_HOME=/Users/(macuser)/Dev/flutter/flutter
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export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn
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export FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn
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export PATH=$DART_HOME/bin:$FLUTTER_HOME/bin:(其他导出项)
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```
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* 校验:
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> dart --version
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## 配置编辑器:VS Code
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* 安装dart支持
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![安装dart](screenshots/dart.jpg)
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* 安装代码运行插件
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![](screenshots/code_runner.jpg)
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![](screenshots/run.jpg)
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* 配置debug
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![](screenshots/debug.jpg)
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* 安装flutter(可选)
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![flutter](screenshots/flutter.jpg)
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## 主要内容
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1. Hello World
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- 运行Dart代码
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- Dart语言介绍
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2. 内置数据类型
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- 内置数据类型
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- 变量定义
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3. 条件控制语句
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- IF ELSE
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- 条件表达式
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- Switch Case
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4. 循环
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- for
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- while
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- do ..while
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- break
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- continue
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- 高级用法
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5. 函数
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- 函数定义
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- 可选参数
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- 命名参数
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- 默认参数
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6. 异常处理
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- try ..on
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- try ..catch
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- try ..finally
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- 自定义异常
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7. 类和对象
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- 定义类
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- 类成员可见性
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- 属性
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- 构造函数
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- 自定义构造函数
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- 成员变量赋值
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8. 继承
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- 继承
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- extends、implements
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- 混入(mixin)
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9. Lambda表达式
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- Lambda Expression
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- 函数返回Function
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- 函数接收Function类型的参数
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10. 闭包
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11. 集合
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12. callable classes
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13. 设计模式(13-40)
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- 常用设计模式的Dart实现
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