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heading">#</a></h2><p><code>类型约束</code> <code>扩展</code> <code>类型合并</code></p><p>Interface 和 Type AliasType 别名,下文简称 Type是 TypeScript 中两个非常重要且常用的概念。在程序设计中Interface 和 Type 主要起到类型的限制和规范的作用,它们不关心实现细节,只规定和限制类或变量必须提供对应的属性和方法。</p><p>Interface 和 Type 核心的区别是 Type 不可在定义后重新添加内容,而 Interface 则总是可以扩展新内容。相比 InterfaceType 并没有实际创建一个新的类型,而是创建一个引用某个类型的名字。</p><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3R7-" id="知识点深入"></a>知识点深入<a class="hash-link" href="#知识点深入" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><p>总体来说Interface 和 Type 两者非常相似Interface 的特性大部分都可以使用 Type 实现,在大多数场景下都可以任意选择 Interface 或 Type 实现功能。根据这两者设计上的异同,可以总结出两者使用上的相同点和不同点。</p><h3><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h3 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3R7-" id="1-interface-和-type-的相同点"></a>1. Interface 和 Type 的相同点<a class="hash-link" href="#1-interface-和-type-的相同点" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h3><h4><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h4 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3R7-" id="11-可描述对象函数"></a>1.1 可描述对象/函数<a class="hash-link" href="#11-可描述对象函数" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h4><p>Interface 和 Type 都可以描述对象和函数。</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_K1bP"><div class="codeBlockContent_hGly typescript"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-typescript codeBlock_23N8 thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_39YC"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// Interface</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">interface</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name maybe-class-name">IHzfe</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> name</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">interface</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name maybe-class-name">GetHZFE</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block">
</span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// Type</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">type</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name maybe-class-name">THzfe</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> name</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">type</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name maybe-class-name">GetHZFE</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">(</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">)</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token arrow operator" style="color:#393A34">=&gt;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_Ue-o clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><h4><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h4 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3R7-" id="12-可扩展"></a>1.2 可扩展<a class="hash-link" href="#12-可扩展" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h4><p>Interface 和 Type 都可以扩展类型。</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_K1bP"><div class="codeBlockContent_hGly typescript"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-typescript codeBlock_23N8 thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_39YC"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// Interface</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">interface</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name maybe-class-name">IHzfe</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> name</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">interface</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name maybe-class-name">IShfe</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">extends</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name maybe-class-name">IHzfe</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token dom variable" style="color:#36acaa">location</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block">
</span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// Type</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">type</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name maybe-class-name">THzfe</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> name</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">type</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name maybe-class-name">TShfe</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token maybe-class-name">THzfe</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">&amp;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token dom variable" style="color:#36acaa">location</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_Ue-o clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><p>另外Interface 的 extends 和 Type 的交叉类型有一些细微区别extends 中的同名字段的类型必须是兼容的。而交叉类型中出现了同名字段且类型不同时,则类型一般是 never。</p><h4><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h4 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3R7-" id="13-class-implements"></a>1.3 class Implements<a class="hash-link" href="#13-class-implements" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h4><p>Interface 和 Type 描述的类型都可以被 class 实现。</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_K1bP"><div class="codeBlockContent_hGly typescript"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-typescript codeBlock_23N8 thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_39YC"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// Interface</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">interface</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name maybe-class-name">IHzfe</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> name</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block">
</span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// Type</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">type</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name maybe-class-name">THzfe</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> name</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block">
</span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">class</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name constant" style="color:#36acaa">HZFE1</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">implements</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name maybe-class-name">IHzfe</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> name </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">&quot;HZFEStudio&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">class</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name constant" style="color:#36acaa">HZFE2</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">implements</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name maybe-class-name">THzfe</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> name </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">&quot;HZFEStudio&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_Ue-o clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><h3><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h3 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3R7-" id="2-interface-和-type-的不同点"></a>2. Interface 和 Type 的不同点<a class="hash-link" href="#2-interface-和-type-的不同点" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h3><h4><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h4 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3R7-" id="21-基本类型别名联合类型元组"></a>2.1 基本类型别名、联合类型、元组<a class="hash-link" href="#21-基本类型别名联合类型元组" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h4><p>由于 Type 定义的实际是一个别名,所以 Type 可以描述一些基本类型、联合类型和元组的别名。</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_K1bP"><div class="codeBlockContent_hGly typescript"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-typescript codeBlock_23N8 thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_39YC"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// 基本类型</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">type</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name maybe-class-name">HZFEMember</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin">number</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block">
</span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// 联合类型</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">type</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name maybe-class-name">HZFEMemberTechStack</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">|</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block">
</span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// 元组</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">type</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name maybe-class-name">HZFEMember</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token builtin">number</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_Ue-o clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><h4><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h4 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3R7-" id="22-声明合并"></a>2.2 声明合并<a class="hash-link" href="#22-声明合并" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h4><p>Interface 可以重复定义,并将合并所有声明的属性为单个接口。而 Type 不可重复定义。</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_K1bP"><div class="codeBlockContent_hGly typescript"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-typescript codeBlock_23N8 thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_39YC"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token comment" style="color:#999988;font-style:italic">// Interface</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">interface</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name maybe-class-name">IHzfe</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> name</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">interface</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name maybe-class-name">IHzfe</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> member</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin">number</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block">
</span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">const</span><span class="token plain"> hzfe</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token maybe-class-name">IHzfe</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"> name</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">&quot;HZFE&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> member</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token number" style="color:#36acaa">17</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_Ue-o clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><h4><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h4 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3R7-" id="23-动态属性"></a>2.3 动态属性<a class="hash-link" href="#23-动态属性" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h4><p>Type 可以使用 in 关键字动态生成属性,而 Interface 的索引值必须是 string 或 number 类型,所以 Interface 并不支持动态生成属性。</p><div class="codeBlockContainer_K1bP"><div class="codeBlockContent_hGly typescript"><pre tabindex="0" class="prism-code language-typescript codeBlock_23N8 thin-scrollbar" style="color:#393A34;background-color:#f6f8fa"><code class="codeBlockLines_39YC"><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">type</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name maybe-class-name">HZFELanguage</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">&quot;JavaScript&quot;</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">|</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">&quot;Go&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">type</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token class-name maybe-class-name">HZFEProjects</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token plain">key </span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">in</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token maybe-class-name">HZFELanguage</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">?</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain" style="display:inline-block">
</span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token keyword" style="color:#00009f">const</span><span class="token plain"> hzfeProjects</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token maybe-class-name">HZFEProjects</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">=</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">{</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token maybe-class-name">JavaScript</span><span class="token operator" style="color:#393A34">:</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">[</span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">&quot;xx&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"> </span><span class="token string" style="color:#e3116c">&quot;xx&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">]</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">,</span><span class="token plain"></span></span><span class="token-line" style="color:#393A34"><span class="token plain"></span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">}</span><span class="token punctuation" style="color:#393A34">;</span></span></code></pre><button type="button" aria-label="Copy code to clipboard" class="copyButton_Ue-o clean-btn">Copy</button></div></div><h2><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" class="anchor anchor__h2 anchorWithHideOnScrollNavbar_3R7-" id="参考资料"></a>参考资料<a class="hash-link" href="#参考资料" title="Direct link to heading">#</a></h2><ol><li><a href="https://www.typescriptlang.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">TypScript - Typed JavaScript at Any Scale</a></li></ol></div></article><nav class="pagination-nav docusaurus-mt-lg" aria-label="Docs pages navigation"><div class="pagination-nav__item"><a class="pagination-nav__link" href="/awesome-interview/book3/js-async"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Previous</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">« 基础JavaScript 异步编程</div></a></div><div class="pagination-nav__item pagination-nav__item--next"><a class="pagination-nav__link" href="/awesome-interview/book3/css-mobile-adaptive"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Next</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">样式:移动端自适应的常见手段 »</div></a></div></nav></div></div><div class="col col--3"><div class="tableOfContents_35-E thin-scrollbar"><ul class="table-of-contents table-of-contents__left-border"><li><a href="#相关问题" class="table-of-contents__link">相关问题</a></li><li><a href="#回答关键点" class="table-of-contents__link">回答关键点</a></li><li><a href="#知识点深入" class="table-of-contents__link">知识点深入</a><ul><li><a href="#1-interface-和-type-的相同点" class="table-of-contents__link">1. Interface 和 Type 的相同点</a></li><li><a href="#2-interface-和-type-的不同点" class="table-of-contents__link">2. Interface 和 Type 的不同点</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#参考资料" class="table-of-contents__link">参考资料</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col"><div class="react-utterences"><div>Loading script...</div></div></div><div class="col col--3"></div></div></div></main></div></div></div>
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