GSYFlutterBook/Flutter-N20.md

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2023-03-20 17:10:51 +08:00
# Flutter 小技巧之实现一个精美的动画相册效果
今天的小技巧主要是「抄袭」一个充满设计感的相册控件,如下图所示是 [gskinner](https://gskinner.com/) 开源应用 [wonderous](https://github.com/gskinnerTeam/flutter-wonderous-app) 里一个相片集的实现效果,可以看到**相册支持上下左右滑动,并带有高亮展示的动画效果,而且相册整体布局可以超出屏幕滚动**,因为是开源的 App 我们只需要「照搬」就可以实现一摸一样的效果,那么如果要实现这样的效果,你第一反应是用什么基础控件?
![](http://img.cdn.guoshuyu.cn/20230317_W/image1.gif)
因为需要支持上下左右自由滑动,可能大家第一反应会是 `Table` ,还是嵌套两个 `ListView` ?但是从上面的效果体验上看,控件滑动的过程并不是一个正常 Scroll 控件的线性效果,因为它并不是「跟随手指滑动」的状态。
既然是开源代码,我们通过源码可以发现它是用了 `GridView` 来实现,这也是这个效果里最有趣的点,一个 `GridView` 如何变成一个带有动画的 Photo Gallery 。
> **所以本篇的核心是分析 wonderous 里的 Photo Gallery 是如何实现的,并剥离出简单代码**。
# Photo Gallery
要实现上述的 Photo Gallery 效果,主要需要解决三个方面核心的要点:
- 1、`GridView` 所在区域的上下左右要超出屏幕
- 2、`GridView` 如何实现上下左右自由切换
- 3、高亮展示选中 Item 的动画效果
首先是第一点的方案肯定是 `OverflowBox` ,因它支持解放 Child 的布局约束,允许 Child 溢出父布局,因为前面的 Photo Gallery 在水平方向设定是 5 个 Item`GridView` 是默认是上下滑动,所以可以简单的设定一个 `maxWidth``maxHeight` 来作为 Child 超出屏幕后大小。
```dart
OverflowBox(
maxWidth: _gridSize * imgSize.width + padding * (_gridSize - 1),
maxHeight: _gridSize * imgSize.height + padding * (_gridSize - 1),
alignment: Alignment.center,
child:
```
可以看到「超出屏幕」这个需求还是比较简单,接下里就是 「`GridView` 如何实现上下左右自由切换」这个问题。
> **小技巧 1 :在合适场合使用 OverflowBox 可以溢出屏幕**
默认情况下 `GridView` 肯定只支持一个方向滑动,所以干脆我们禁止 `GridView` 的滑动逻辑,让 `GridView` 只管布局,后面滑动逻辑通过自定义的 `GestureDetector` 来实现。
```dart
GridView.count(
physics: NeverScrollableScrollPhysics(),
```
如下代码所示,我们通过封装 `GestureDetector` 来实现手势识别,这里核心的要点就是 `_maybeTriggerSwipe` 的实现,它的作用就是得到手势滑动的方向结果,对于滑动具体大于 `threshold` 的参数,通过「采样」将数据变成 -1、 0 、 1 这样的结果来代表方向:
- Offset(1.0, 0.0) 是手指右滑
- Offset(-1.0, 0.0) 是手指左滑
- Offset(0.0, 1.0) 是手指下滑
- Offset(0.0, -1.0) 是手指上滑
```dart
class _EightWaySwipeDetectorState extends State<EightWaySwipeDetector> {
Offset _startPos = Offset.zero;
Offset _endPos = Offset.zero;
bool _isSwiping = false;
void _resetSwipe() {
_startPos = _endPos = Offset.zero;
_isSwiping = false;
}
///这里主要是返回一个 -1 1 之间的数值,具体用于判断方向
/// Offset(1.0, 0.0) 是手指右滑
/// Offset(-1.0, 0.0) 是手指左滑
/// Offset(0.0, 1.0) 是手指下滑
/// Offset(0.0, -1.0) 是手指上滑
void _maybeTriggerSwipe() {
// Exit early if we're not currently swiping
if (_isSwiping == false) return;
/// 开始和结束位置计算出移动距离
// Get the distance of the swipe
Offset moveDelta = _endPos - _startPos;
final distance = moveDelta.distance;
/// 对比偏移量大小是否超过了 threshold ,不能小于 1
// Trigger swipe if threshold has been exceeded, if threshold is < 1, use 1 as a minimum value.
if (distance >= max(widget.threshold, 1)) {
// Normalize the dx/dy values between -1 and 1
moveDelta /= distance;
// Round the dx/dy values to snap them to -1, 0 or 1, creating an 8-way directional vector.
Offset dir = Offset(
moveDelta.dx.roundToDouble(),
moveDelta.dy.roundToDouble(),
);
widget.onSwipe?.call(dir);
_resetSwipe();
}
}
void _handleSwipeStart(d) {
_isSwiping = true;
_startPos = _endPos = d.localPosition;
}
void _handleSwipeUpdate(d) {
_endPos = d.localPosition;
_maybeTriggerSwipe();
}
void _handleSwipeEnd(d) {
_maybeTriggerSwipe();
_resetSwipe();
}
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return GestureDetector(
behavior: HitTestBehavior.translucent,
onPanStart: _handleSwipeStart,
onPanUpdate: _handleSwipeUpdate,
onPanCancel: _resetSwipe,
onPanEnd: _handleSwipeEnd,
child: widget.child);
}
}
```
> **小技巧 2Offset.distance 可以用来作为判断偏移量的大小**。
知道了手势方向之后,我们就可以处理 `GridView` 应该如何滑动,这里我们需要先知道当然应该展示哪个 index 。
默认情况下我们需要展示的是最中间的 Item ,例如有 25 个 Item 的时候, index 应该在第 13 ,然后我们再根据方向来调整下一个 index 是哪个:
- dy > 0 ,就是手指下滑,也就是页面要往上,那么 index 就需要 -1反过来就是 + 1
- dx > 0 ,就是手指右滑,也就是页面要往左,那么 index 就需要 -1反过来就是 + 1
```dart
// Index starts in the middle of the grid (eg, 25 items, index will start at 13)
int _index = ((_gridSize * _gridSize) / 2).round();
/// Converts a swipe direction into a new index
void _handleSwipe(Offset dir) {
// Calculate new index, y swipes move by an entire row, x swipes move one index at a time
int newIndex = _index;
/// Offset(1.0, 0.0) 是手指右滑
/// Offset(-1.0, 0.0) 是手指左滑
/// Offset(0.0, 1.0) 是手指下滑
/// Offset(0.0, -1.0) 是手指上滑
/// dy > 0 ,就是手指下滑,也就是页面要往上,那么 index 就需要 -1反过来就是 + 1
if (dir.dy != 0) newIndex += _gridSize * (dir.dy > 0 ? -1 : 1);
/// dx > 0 ,就是手指右滑,也就是页面要往左,那么 index 就需要 -1反过来就是 + 1
if (dir.dx != 0) newIndex += (dir.dx > 0 ? -1 : 1);
///这里判断下 index 是不是超出位置
// After calculating new index, exit early if we don't like it...
if (newIndex < 0 || newIndex > _imgCount - 1)
return; // keep the index in range
if (dir.dx < 0 && newIndex % _gridSize == 0)
return; // prevent right-swipe when at right side
if (dir.dx > 0 && newIndex % _gridSize == _gridSize - 1)
return; // prevent left-swipe when at left side
/// 响应
_lastSwipeDir = dir;
HapticFeedback.lightImpact();
_setIndex(newIndex);
}
void _setIndex(int value, {bool skipAnimation = false}) {
if (value < 0 || value >= _imgCount) return;
setState(() => _index = value);
}
```
通过手势方向,我们就可以得到下一个需要展示的 Item 的 index 是什么,然后就可以使用 `Transform.translate` 来移动 `GridView`
是的,在这个 Photo Gallery 里的滑动效果是通过 `Transform.translate` 实现,**核心之一也就是根据方向计算其应该偏移的 Offset 位置**
- 首先根据水平方向的数量 / 2 得到一个 `halfCount`
- 计算出一个 Item 加上 Padding 大小的 `paddedImageSize`
- 计算出默认中心位置的 top-left 的 `originOffset`
- 计算出要移动的 index 所在的行和列位置 `indexedOffset`
- 最后两者相减(因为 `indexedOffset` 里是负数),得到一个相对的偏移 `Offset`
```dart
/// Determine the required offset to show the current selected index.
/// index=0 is top-left, and the index=max is bottom-right.
Offset _calculateCurrentOffset(double padding, Size size) {
/// 获取水平方向一半的大小,默认也就是 2.0,因为 floorToDouble
double halfCount = (_gridSize / 2).floorToDouble();
/// Item 大小加上 Padding也就是每个 Item 的实际大小
Size paddedImageSize = Size(size.width + padding, size.height + padding);
/// 计算出开始位置的 top-left
// Get the starting offset that would show the top-left image (index 0)
final originOffset = Offset(
halfCount * paddedImageSize.width, halfCount * paddedImageSize.height);
/// 得到要移动的 index 所在的行和列位置
// Add the offset for the row/col
int col = _index % _gridSize;
int row = (_index / _gridSize).floor();
/// 负数计算出要移动的 index 的 top-left 位置,比如 index 比较小,那么这个 indexedOffset 就比中心点小,相减之后 Offset 就会是正数
/// 是不是有点懵逼?为什么正数 translate 会往 index 小的 方向移动??
/// 因为你代入的不对,我们 translate 移动的是整个 GridView
/// 正数是向左向下移动,自然就把左边或者上面的 Item 显示出来
final indexedOffset =
Offset(-paddedImageSize.width * col, -paddedImageSize.height * row);
return originOffset + indexedOffset;
}
```
具体点如下图所示,比如在 5 x 5 的 `GridView` 下:
- 通过 `halfCount``paddedImageSize` 计算会得到黑色虚线的位置
- 红色是要展示的 index 位置,也就是通过 `col ``row` 计算出来的 `indexedOffset` 就是红色框的左上角,在上面代码里用过的是负数
-` originOffset + indexedOffset` ,其实就是得到两者之差的 currentOffset比如这时候得到是一个 `dx` 为正数的 `Offset` ,整个 `GridView` 要向左移动一个 currentOffset ,自然就把红色框放到中间显示。
![](http://img.cdn.guoshuyu.cn/20230317_W/image2.png)
更形象的可以看这个动画,核心就是整个 `GridView` 在发生了偏移,从把需要展示的 Item 移动到中心的位置,利用 `Transform.translate` 来实现类似滑动的效果,当然实现里还会用到 `TweenAnimationBuilder` 来实现动画过程,
![](http://img.cdn.guoshuyu.cn/20230317_W/image3.gif)
```dart
TweenAnimationBuilder<Offset>(
tween: Tween(begin: gridOffset, end: gridOffset),
duration: offsetTweenDuration,
curve: Curves.easeOut,
builder: (_, value, child) =>
Transform.translate(offset: value, child: child),
child: GridView.count(
physics: NeverScrollableScrollPhysics(),
```
解决完移动,最后就是实现蒙层和高亮动画效果,这个的核心主要是通过 `flutter_animate` 包和 `ClipPath` 实现,如下代码所示:
- 使用 `Animate` 并在上面添加一个具有透明度的黑色 `Container`
- 利用 `CustomEffect` 添加自定义动画
- 在动画里利用 `ClipPath` ,并通过自定义 `CustomClipper` 结合动画 value 实现 `PathOperation.difference` 的「挖空」效果
> 动画效果就是根据 `Animate` 的 value 得到的 `cutoutSize` ,默认是从 `1 - 0.25 * x` 开始,这里的 x 是滑动方向,最终表现就是从 0.75 到 1 的过程,所以动画会根据方向有一个从 0.75 到 1 的展开效果。
```dart
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Stack(
children: [
child,
// 用 ClipPath 做一个动画抠图
Animate(
effects: [
CustomEffect(
builder: _buildAnimatedCutout,
curve: Curves.easeOut,
duration: duration)
],
key: animationKey,
onComplete: (c) => c.reverse(),
// 用一个黑色的蒙层,这里的 child 会变成 effects 里 builder 里的 child
// 也就是黑色 Container 会在 _buildAnimatedCutout 作为 ClipPath 的 child
child: IgnorePointer(
child: Container(color: Colors.black.withOpacity(opacity))),
),
],
);
}
/// Scales from 1 --> (1 - scaleAmt) --> 1
Widget _buildAnimatedCutout(BuildContext context, double anim, Widget child) {
// controls how much the center cutout will shrink when changing images
const scaleAmt = .25;
final size = Size(
cutoutSize.width * (1 - scaleAmt * anim * swipeDir.dx.abs()),
cutoutSize.height * (1 - scaleAmt * anim * swipeDir.dy.abs()),
);
return ClipPath(clipper: _CutoutClipper(size), child: child);
}
class _CutoutClipper extends CustomClipper<Path> {
_CutoutClipper(this.cutoutSize);
final Size cutoutSize;
@override
Path getClip(Size size) {
double padX = (size.width - cutoutSize.width) / 2;
double padY = (size.height - cutoutSize.height) / 2;
return Path.combine(
PathOperation.difference,
Path()..addRect(Rect.fromLTWH(0, 0, size.width, size.height)),
Path()
..addRRect(
RRect.fromLTRBR(
padX,
padY,
size.width - padX,
size.height - padY,
Radius.circular(6),
),
)
..close(),
);
}
@override
bool shouldReclip(_CutoutClipper oldClipper) =>
oldClipper.cutoutSize != cutoutSize;
}
```
从这里可以看到,其实高亮的效果就是在黑色的蒙层上,利用 ` PathOperation.difference` 「挖」出来一个空白的 Path 。
> **小技巧 3 ` PathOperation.difference` 可以用在需要「镂空」 的场景上**。
更直观的可以参考一下例子,就是对两个路径进行 difference 操作,,利用 Rect2 把 Rect1 中间给消除掉,得到一个中间 「镂空」的绘制 Path。
```dart
class ShowPathDifference extends StatelessWidget {
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(
title: Text('ShowPathDifference'),
),
body: Stack(
alignment: Alignment.center,
children: [
Center(
child: Container(
width: 300,
height: 300,
decoration: BoxDecoration(
image: DecorationImage(
fit: BoxFit.cover,
image: AssetImage("static/gsy_cat.png"),
),
),
),
),
Center(
child: CustomPaint(
painter: ShowPathDifferencePainter(),
),
),
],
),
);
}
}
class ShowPathDifferencePainter extends CustomPainter {
@override
void paint(Canvas canvas, Size size) {
final paint = Paint();
paint.color = Colors.blue.withAlpha(160);
canvas.drawPath(
Path.combine(
PathOperation.difference,
Path()
..addRRect(
RRect.fromLTRBR(-150, -150, 150, 150, Radius.circular(10))),
Path()
..addOval(Rect.fromCircle(center: Offset(0, 0), radius: 100))
..close(),
),
paint,
);
}
@override
bool shouldRepaint(CustomPainter oldDelegate) => false;
}
```
![](http://img.cdn.guoshuyu.cn/20230317_W/image4.png)
最终效果如下图所依,这里是把 wonderous 里关键部分代码剥离出来后的效果,因为 wonderous 并没有把这部分代码封装为 package ,所以我把这部分代码剥离出来放在了后面,感兴趣的可以自己运行试试效果。
![](http://img.cdn.guoshuyu.cn/20230317_W/image5.gif)
## 源码
```dart
import 'dart:math';
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
import 'package:flutter_animate/flutter_animate.dart';
/// 来自 https://github.com/gskinnerTeam/flutter-wonderous-app 上的一个 UI 效果
class PhotoGalleryDemoPage extends StatefulWidget {
const PhotoGalleryDemoPage({Key? key}) : super(key: key);
@override
State<PhotoGalleryDemoPage> createState() => _PhotoGalleryDemoPageState();
}
class _PhotoGalleryDemoPageState extends State<PhotoGalleryDemoPage> {
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return PhotoGallery();
}
}
class PhotoGallery extends StatefulWidget {
const PhotoGallery({Key? key}) : super(key: key);
@override
State<PhotoGallery> createState() => _PhotoGalleryState();
}
class _PhotoGalleryState extends State<PhotoGallery> {
static const int _gridSize = 5;
late List<Color> colorList;
// Index starts in the middle of the grid (eg, 25 items, index will start at 13)
int _index = ((_gridSize * _gridSize) / 2).round();
Offset _lastSwipeDir = Offset.zero;
bool _skipNextOffsetTween = false;
///根据屏幕尺寸,决定 Padding 的大小,通过 scale 缩放
_getPadding(Size size) {
double scale = 1;
final shortestSide = size.shortestSide;
const tabletXl = 1000;
const tabletLg = 800;
const tabletSm = 600;
const phoneLg = 400;
if (shortestSide > tabletXl) {
scale = 1.25;
} else if (shortestSide > tabletLg) {
scale = 1.15;
} else if (shortestSide > tabletSm) {
scale = 1;
} else if (shortestSide > phoneLg) {
scale = .9; // phone
} else {
scale = .85; // small phone
}
return 24 * scale;
}
int get _imgCount => pow(_gridSize, 2).round();
Widget _buildImage(int index, Size imgSize) {
/// Bind to collectibles.statesById because we might need to rebuild if a collectible is found.
return ClipRRect(
borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(8),
child: Container(
width: imgSize.width,
height: imgSize.height,
color: colorList[index],
),
);
}
/// Converts a swipe direction into a new index
void _handleSwipe(Offset dir) {
// Calculate new index, y swipes move by an entire row, x swipes move one index at a time
int newIndex = _index;
/// Offset(1.0, 0.0) 是手指右滑
/// Offset(-1.0, 0.0) 是手指左滑
/// Offset(0.0, 1.0) 是手指下滑
/// Offset(0.0, -1.0) 是手指上滑
/// dy > 0 ,就是手指下滑,也就是页面要往上,那么 index 就需要 -1反过来就是 + 1
if (dir.dy != 0) newIndex += _gridSize * (dir.dy > 0 ? -1 : 1);
/// dx > 0 ,就是手指右滑,也就是页面要往左,那么 index 就需要 -1反过来就是 + 1
if (dir.dx != 0) newIndex += (dir.dx > 0 ? -1 : 1);
///这里判断下 index 是不是超出位置
// After calculating new index, exit early if we don't like it...
if (newIndex < 0 || newIndex > _imgCount - 1)
return; // keep the index in range
if (dir.dx < 0 && newIndex % _gridSize == 0)
return; // prevent right-swipe when at right side
if (dir.dx > 0 && newIndex % _gridSize == _gridSize - 1)
return; // prevent left-swipe when at left side
/// 响应
_lastSwipeDir = dir;
HapticFeedback.lightImpact();
_setIndex(newIndex);
}
void _setIndex(int value, {bool skipAnimation = false}) {
print("######## $value");
if (value < 0 || value >= _imgCount) return;
_skipNextOffsetTween = skipAnimation;
setState(() => _index = value);
}
/// Determine the required offset to show the current selected index.
/// index=0 is top-left, and the index=max is bottom-right.
Offset _calculateCurrentOffset(double padding, Size size) {
/// 获取水平方向一半的大小,默认也就是 2.0,因为 floorToDouble
double halfCount = (_gridSize / 2).floorToDouble();
/// Item 大小加上 Padding也就是每个 Item 的实际大小
Size paddedImageSize = Size(size.width + padding, size.height + padding);
/// 计算出开始位置的 top-left
// Get the starting offset that would show the top-left image (index 0)
final originOffset = Offset(
halfCount * paddedImageSize.width, halfCount * paddedImageSize.height);
/// 得到要移动的 index 所在的行和列位置
// Add the offset for the row/col
int col = _index % _gridSize;
int row = (_index / _gridSize).floor();
/// 负数计算出要移动的 index 的 top-left 位置,比如 index 比较小,那么这个 indexedOffset 就比中心点小,相减之后 Offset 就会是正数
/// 是不是有点懵逼?为什么正数 translate 会往 index 小的 方向移动??
/// 因为你代入的不对,我们 translate 移动的是整个 GridView
/// 正数是向左向下移动,自然就把左边或者上面的 Item 显示出来
final indexedOffset =
Offset(-paddedImageSize.width * col, -paddedImageSize.height * row);
return originOffset + indexedOffset;
}
@override
void initState() {
colorList = List.generate(
_imgCount,
(index) => Color((Random().nextDouble() * 0xFFFFFF).toInt())
.withOpacity(1));
super.initState();
}
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
var mq = MediaQuery.of(context);
var width = mq.size.width;
var height = mq.size.height;
bool isLandscape = mq.orientation == Orientation.landscape;
///根据横竖屏状态决定 Item 大小
Size imgSize = isLandscape
? Size(width * .5, height * .66)
: Size(width * .66, height * .5);
var padding = _getPadding(mq.size);
final cutoutTweenDuration =
_skipNextOffsetTween ? Duration.zero : Duration(milliseconds: 600) * .5;
final offsetTweenDuration =
_skipNextOffsetTween ? Duration.zero : Duration(milliseconds: 600) * .4;
var gridOffset = _calculateCurrentOffset(padding, imgSize);
gridOffset += Offset(0, -mq.padding.top / 2);
//动画效果
return _AnimatedCutoutOverlay(
animationKey: ValueKey(_index),
cutoutSize: imgSize,
swipeDir: _lastSwipeDir,
duration: cutoutTweenDuration,
opacity: .7,
child: SafeArea(
bottom: false,
// Place content in overflow box, to allow it to flow outside the parent
child: OverflowBox(
maxWidth: _gridSize * imgSize.width + padding * (_gridSize - 1),
maxHeight: _gridSize * imgSize.height + padding * (_gridSize - 1),
alignment: Alignment.center,
// 手势获取方向上下左右
child: EightWaySwipeDetector(
onSwipe: _handleSwipe,
threshold: 30,
// A tween animation builder moves from image to image based on current offset
child: TweenAnimationBuilder<Offset>(
tween: Tween(begin: gridOffset, end: gridOffset),
duration: offsetTweenDuration,
curve: Curves.easeOut,
builder: (_, value, child) =>
Transform.translate(offset: value, child: child),
child: GridView.count(
physics: NeverScrollableScrollPhysics(),
crossAxisCount: _gridSize,
childAspectRatio: imgSize.aspectRatio,
mainAxisSpacing: padding,
crossAxisSpacing: padding,
children:
List.generate(_imgCount, (i) => _buildImage(i, imgSize)),
)),
),
),
),
);
}
}
class EightWaySwipeDetector extends StatefulWidget {
const EightWaySwipeDetector(
{Key? key,
required this.child,
this.threshold = 50,
required this.onSwipe})
: super(key: key);
final Widget child;
final double threshold;
final void Function(Offset dir)? onSwipe;
@override
State<EightWaySwipeDetector> createState() => _EightWaySwipeDetectorState();
}
class _EightWaySwipeDetectorState extends State<EightWaySwipeDetector> {
Offset _startPos = Offset.zero;
Offset _endPos = Offset.zero;
bool _isSwiping = false;
void _resetSwipe() {
_startPos = _endPos = Offset.zero;
_isSwiping = false;
}
///这里主要是返回一个 -1 1 之间的数值,具体用于判断方向
/// Offset(1.0, 0.0) 是手指右滑
/// Offset(-1.0, 0.0) 是手指左滑
/// Offset(0.0, 1.0) 是手指下滑
/// Offset(0.0, -1.0) 是手指上滑
void _maybeTriggerSwipe() {
// Exit early if we're not currently swiping
if (_isSwiping == false) return;
/// 开始和结束位置计算出移动距离
// Get the distance of the swipe
Offset moveDelta = _endPos - _startPos;
final distance = moveDelta.distance;
/// 对比偏移量大小是否超过了 threshold ,不能小于 1
// Trigger swipe if threshold has been exceeded, if threshold is < 1, use 1 as a minimum value.
if (distance >= max(widget.threshold, 1)) {
// Normalize the dx/dy values between -1 and 1
moveDelta /= distance;
// Round the dx/dy values to snap them to -1, 0 or 1, creating an 8-way directional vector.
Offset dir = Offset(
moveDelta.dx.roundToDouble(),
moveDelta.dy.roundToDouble(),
);
widget.onSwipe?.call(dir);
_resetSwipe();
}
}
void _handleSwipeStart(d) {
_isSwiping = true;
_startPos = _endPos = d.localPosition;
}
void _handleSwipeUpdate(d) {
_endPos = d.localPosition;
_maybeTriggerSwipe();
}
void _handleSwipeEnd(d) {
_maybeTriggerSwipe();
_resetSwipe();
}
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return GestureDetector(
behavior: HitTestBehavior.translucent,
onPanStart: _handleSwipeStart,
onPanUpdate: _handleSwipeUpdate,
onPanCancel: _resetSwipe,
onPanEnd: _handleSwipeEnd,
child: widget.child);
}
}
class _AnimatedCutoutOverlay extends StatelessWidget {
const _AnimatedCutoutOverlay(
{Key? key,
required this.child,
required this.cutoutSize,
required this.animationKey,
this.duration,
required this.swipeDir,
required this.opacity})
: super(key: key);
final Widget child;
final Size cutoutSize;
final Key animationKey;
final Offset swipeDir;
final Duration? duration;
final double opacity;
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Stack(
children: [
child,
// 用 ClipPath 做一个动画抠图
Animate(
effects: [
CustomEffect(
builder: _buildAnimatedCutout,
curve: Curves.easeOut,
duration: duration)
],
key: animationKey,
onComplete: (c) => c.reverse(),
// 用一个黑色的蒙层,这里的 child 会变成 effects 里 builder 里的 child
// 也就是黑色 Container 会在 _buildAnimatedCutout 作为 ClipPath 的 child
child: IgnorePointer(
child: Container(color: Colors.black.withOpacity(opacity))),
),
],
);
}
/// Scales from 1 --> (1 - scaleAmt) --> 1
Widget _buildAnimatedCutout(BuildContext context, double anim, Widget child) {
// controls how much the center cutout will shrink when changing images
const scaleAmt = .25;
final size = Size(
cutoutSize.width * (1 - scaleAmt * anim * swipeDir.dx.abs()),
cutoutSize.height * (1 - scaleAmt * anim * swipeDir.dy.abs()),
);
print("### anim ${anim} ");
return ClipPath(clipper: _CutoutClipper(size), child: child);
}
}
/// Creates an overlay with a hole in the middle of a certain size.
class _CutoutClipper extends CustomClipper<Path> {
_CutoutClipper(this.cutoutSize);
final Size cutoutSize;
@override
Path getClip(Size size) {
double padX = (size.width - cutoutSize.width) / 2;
double padY = (size.height - cutoutSize.height) / 2;
return Path.combine(
PathOperation.difference,
Path()..addRect(Rect.fromLTWH(0, 0, size.width, size.height)),
Path()
..addRRect(
RRect.fromLTRBR(
padX,
padY,
size.width - padX,
size.height - padY,
Radius.circular(6),
),
)
..close(),
);
}
@override
bool shouldReclip(_CutoutClipper oldClipper) =>
oldClipper.cutoutSize != cutoutSize;
}
class ShowPathDifference extends StatelessWidget {
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(
title: Text('ShowPathDifference'),
),
body: Stack(
alignment: Alignment.center,
children: [
Center(
child: Container(
width: 300,
height: 300,
decoration: BoxDecoration(
image: DecorationImage(
fit: BoxFit.cover,
image: AssetImage("static/gsy_cat.png"),
),
),
),
),
Center(
child: CustomPaint(
painter: ShowPathDifferencePainter(),
),
),
],
),
);
}
}
class ShowPathDifferencePainter extends CustomPainter {
@override
void paint(Canvas canvas, Size size) {
final paint = Paint();
paint.color = Colors.blue.withAlpha(160);
canvas.drawPath(
Path.combine(
PathOperation.difference,
Path()
..addRRect(
RRect.fromLTRBR(-150, -150, 150, 150, Radius.circular(10))),
Path()
..addOval(Rect.fromCircle(center: Offset(0, 0), radius: 100))
..close(),
),
paint,
);
}
@override
bool shouldRepaint(CustomPainter oldDelegate) => false;
}
```